Salem Witch Trials A Crucial Moment In History - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 10 Words: 3028 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2019/05/21 Category History Essay Level High school Tags: Salem Witch Trials Essay Did you like this example? Salem Witch Trials Thesis: The Salem Witch Trials are still relevant today as they serve as an example both of how mass hysteria arises at times of societal instability, and as a warning against the tendency of society to find a scapegoat for its fears and concerns. In the years leading up to the Salem Witch Trials, the Salem community experienced societal instability due to several different factors. Like all of the other colonies, Salem was established in a region where mortality rates were quite high, often due to famine, disease, and frequent wars. While there were multiple wars during the early colonial period, including wars with different Native American tribes, the Dutch, the French, and the Spaniards, it was King Williams War in particular that had the greatest impact on the New England area around the time of the witch trials. During King Williams war, which began in 1688, the English colonists fought against New France and its Native allies. There had already been much tension between English and French colonists leading up to the war, which only increased when Englands King William III joined the League of Augsburg to fight against France (roach intro). Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Salem Witch Trials: A Crucial Moment In History" essay for you Create order There were also ongoing disagreements over the border between New England and Acadia, a colony of New France that included parts of Maine, after many English colonists from Massachusetts had begun to expand and settle there. Throughout the war, the French and their Native American allies launched multiple attacks on English colonists. For example, at the Battle of Fort Loyal in 1690, in Falmouth, Maine, the French massacred two hundred English settlers, taking all the survivors as prisoners, and burning down what remained of the settlement. In addition, just days after the first girls in Salem became afflicted, the French and Abenaki Indians attacked York, Maine, killing fifty colonists, including women and children, slaughtering cattle, and destroying buildings and farms (roach 9). Thus, the incredibly close proximity of the battles to Salem worried many of the colonists there, and the fear of sudden attack became a prominent concern, playing into their everyday lives. While Salem, itself, was never the focal point of the attacks, much of the area was open to Indian invasion, and often Natives were seen creeping around the Salem Village, further increasing the anxieties of the colonists. Rumors of the death and destruction coming from other New England colonies also helped to spread panic. Furthermore, many of the colonists who were left homeless after the wars migrated to Salem, putting a strain on Salems already stretched resources. The economic strain of war refugees exacerbated another source of instability in the Salem area: tensions between Salem Village and Salem Town. While the town of Salem originally started out as a singular unit, after a wave of Puritan immigrants came to Massachusetts in 1630 during the Great Migration, the General Court allowed Salem to expand, giving it the legal right to settle its backwoods (B and n 37). This new land, which would eventually become Salem Village, was much more fertile than the land of Salem town, and thus would become populated by farmers, with an agricultural economy that would supply food to the population. However, similar to many other agricultural regions, as Salem Village expanded, it to hoped to become an independent town, wanting a church, minister, and meetinghouse of its own. Nevertheless, as Salem Village provided both food and tax money to the inhabitants of the town, Salem Town fought to maintain its authority over the village, which began the long-lasting conflict between Salem Town and Salem Village. After years of conflict, in March 1672, the General Court finally permitted Salem Village to build a meetinghouse and hire their own minister, promising to exempt the Villagers from paying the Towns church taxes (b and n 41). While this was a big step for the Villagers, they were still far from the independence they craved, as they still lacked autonomy and their own government. Furthermore, while they no longer had to walk several miles to attend the Towns church, their own minister could not be officially ordained, and thus could not administer communion or admit candidates candidates to formal church membership (tulane web). Thus, Salems church lacked any real authority. Due to the to the lack of power that Salem Villages own institutions held, disagreements amongst villagers tended to escalate rapidly, affecting the entire community, as there was no governing body to settle them ( b and n 52). Often, villagers would turn to the Salem Town Church and other powerful Town institutions to settle their disputes, however, the town often ignored the cries of the villagers, and often attempted to shame the Villagers into accepting personal moral responsibility for their troubles (b and n 52). Thus, not only d id Salem Villagers feel both exploited and neglected by the Town, but they suffered much societal instability due to the refusal of the Town to give them full autonomy. Not only did Salem Village and Salem Town have dissension over autonomy of the village, but they also experienced tensions due to their differing economic practices. While Salem Village, which lay in the hinterlands, relied mainly on agriculture, due to its harbor, Salem Town thrived as a center of trade and commerce (b and n 39). In 1683, the General Court declared Salems port one of the colonys ports of entry, through which all imports and exports were required to pass (too plagiarized). This not only emphasized Salems commercial importance, but it also opened up Salems access to the trading market with London, and it began exporting fish, furs, horses, grain, and a multitude of other good to colonies, the West Indies, and England (b and n 86). While these new developments lead to an increase in the Towns relative wealth, along with a rise of the merchant class, they also began to affect Salems politics. While before 1665, twice as many farmers as merchants had been elected to serve on the Town Board, merchants soon began replacing farmers, eventually outnumbering them six to one (b and n 87). Thus, only a small portion of farmers that had familial ties to merchants were able to maintain their political influence in the Town. In addition to losing political standing, Salem Villagers farmers also experienced an economic decline during this time. While agricultural wealth represented about forty percent of Salems total wealth in the 1650s, by the 1680s, it only represented about nine percent, suggesting that agriculture, the very livelihood of the villagers, had begun to decline as an industry (b and n 88). Other economic problems also ensued as the population of Salem Village grew, including the loss of available land for farming, leaving many men propertiless by 1690, and the decrease of average property size by nearly half as it became divided up for new families. As the villagers continued to watch Salem Town prosperer, while they themselves suffered economically, the hostility between the two only grew. While Salem Town seemed to be oblivious of the Villages struggles, Salem Village constantly felt the large presence of the Town and its successes, which they viewed as a hindrance to their own (b and n 88). In addition to the tension between Salem Town and Salem Village, there was conflict between the inhabitants of Salem Village, itself. While many of the villagers in the west, the area farthest inland from Salem Town, felt both intimidated and discouraged by the Townrs economic successes, not everyone from the Village felt this way. Some villagers actually saw the urbanization and commercial growth of the town as a promising development (b and n 94). Usually, it were these villagers who lived on the eastern side of the village, along the border of Salem Town. Closer to the Towns thriving trading center, as well its roads and waterways, the eastern villagers felt less alienated from the Town, and realized their potential to capitalize on the Towns successes ( b and n 94). Furthermore, the eastern side of Salem Village also had better quality land (b and n 96). Compared to the marshes and sharp hills that broke up land in the west, the east had mainly broad flat meadows, making it easier to grow crops. Thus, coupled with their closer proximity to the Town, the eastern side was better able to supply Salem Town with the goods it needed, giving it another advantage over the farmers in the west. Due to the west villagers resentment towards the easts success, along with the slowly shifting views of the easterners, the Village soon became divided, with two factions beginning to emerge. While the west farmers hoped to stay connected to the past habits and values that prized the community (games 59), the eastern villagers hoped for something else entirely, or a market oriented economy which tolerated and even accepted individual ambition. The west valued agriculture, a practice that had been their livelihood for generations. They saw their way of life as beneficial to the community and its greater good, looking down upon the capitalism emerging in Salem Town as an economy based in selfishness and self-interest. Many westerners even began to fear a capitalist society, worrying about the possibility of the easterners destroying their long-held traditions and values by engaging in the practices of Salem Town. Thus, it was no wonder that Jeremiah Watts, a resident of Salem Village, described the community in 1682 as one in which brother is against brother and neighbors [are] against neighbors, all quarreling and smiting one another (b and n 45 footnote 12). Furthermore, with both widespread jealousy and fear among the villagers themselves, along with the accumulation of all the other tensions in Salems society, the accusations and mass hysteria that soon followed is no unexplained occurrence. While the first three witchcraft accusations that emerged in 1692 would never have caused such an uproar on their own, it was the mass hysteria that ensued that turned the Salem Witch Trials into such an epidemic. After the strange fits that Abigail Williams and Betty Parris experienced in January, fear of witchcraft increased twofold. However, it was really after the confession of Reverend Parris Indian slave, Tituba, that accusations began to spread rapidly. By April, 22 more witches had been accused, and by May, 39 more had been added to that list ( b and n 31). In fact, towards the end of the summer, the number of accusations had become so great that accurate records of the official proceedings were no longer kept. By the time the trials had ended in May 1693, just a little over a year after they had started, more than 185 people had been accused of witchcraft and a total of 19 had been hanged: 14 women and 5 men (karlsen, 51). While 19 people may not sound like such a large number today, the population of Salem at the time of the trials was around 2,000, meaning that almost twenty percent of the villagers population had been accused of witchcraft, and roughly one out of every hundred of Salems residents had been executed. While outbreaks of witchcraft were not uncommon during this time, what distinguishes the Salem Witch Trials from other trials in North America and Europe is the fact that not all of the accused were poor, or of lower status, a common characteristic among those accused of being witches. Rather, many of the accused actually came from more prominent families in Salem (b and n 32). Although the first few witches were considered societal outcasts, after the initial accusations, a new pattern among the accused arose. In March, two Church members and well respected wives of wealthy landowners were accused. Similarly, in April, accusations were brought against Philip English, the wealthiest ship owner in Salem, and former Salem Village minister, George Burroughs (b and n 32). Throughout the summer of 1692, many of Massachusetts most upstanding women and men had been accused, including wealthy Boston merchant, Hezekiah Usher, Nathaniel Saltonstall, a member of the of the Governors Council and a former judge on the Court of Oyer and Terminer, and Lady Phips, the governors wife (b and n 32). By the end of the summer, the accusations had reached people in such a high level in society, that one of the lawyers who prepared the cases against the accused wrote, The afflicted spare no person of what quality so ever (boyer and nissenbaum page 32). The high status of the people accused only demonstrated the extent of the mass hysteria in Salem: the panic and fear had become so widespread that anyone was at risk of being labeled a witch, no matter where they stood in the social hierarchy. As with many cases of mass hysteria brought on from societal tensions, during the Salem Witch Trials, a scapegoat was necessary to explain the conflicts present in society. In Salem, devil worshipping witches made an obvious scapegoat. However, it was really the characteristics of the accused witches that made them them good scapegoats, easier for them to take all the blame. Typically, scapegoats are vulnerable members in society, or those who overall lack power. Thus, 1692 Salem, women perfectly fit the bill. According to Puritan religion, God had placed man above all other creatures, therefore placing men over women, and husbands superior to wives (karlsen 164). In educating their congregants about the nature of womanhood, it was common for ministers to preach about the obligation of female subjugation, warning about the severe consequences should a woman fail to do so (166 karlsen). Thus, in order for a woman to be a devout Puritan, she had to believe that she was created to lend herself to mans needs, as women who failed to serve men failed to serve God (karlsen 166). In that regard, it is understandable that in Puritan society, the main role of of a woman was seen as that of a wife, her main duties simply domestic ones, such as taking care of both children and home (karlsen 165). Furthermore, the ideal Puritan wife was loyal, an alter ego of her husband rather than an autonomous mate, and one who acknowledging him as Lord (karlsen 165). Just as woman were utterly powerless in marital relationships, having no identity separate from their husbands, so too they were thought of as members in society. This made it incredibly more easy for women to become scapegoats during the Salem Witch Trials, explaining why compared to only 44 males, 141 females were accused of witchcraft. Furthermore, almost all of the accused men were relatives of female witches, oftentimes husbands, brother, and sons. The vulnerability of women also accounted for the fact that while only 7 men were ultimately tried (16%), 52 of the accused women (36%) were brought to trial (karl sen 51). Given no standing in society, Puritan women were unable to protect themselves, completely subjugated by the men who enforced the belief that witches were women and also had the power to decide the fates of the accused. Aside from being powerless in society, many scapegoats also tend to differ from societal norms. In Puritan New England, there existed many rigid societal norms, including the practice of male heirs receiving and controlling property (games 41). Due to the the little power and social standing given to Puritan women, it was not considered acceptable for women to inherit property from their father or husband. In fact, many people even even feared propertied women, viewing them as a threat to societal order and Puritan gender roles. Furthermore, propertied women also produced much resentment among young men, who often felt that their own mothers claim to her husbands property simply delayed their own access to their fathers land (games 41). These fears and resentments made women who had inherited property good scapegoats, accounting for the fact that 61% of accused females owned land (karlsen 102). Similarly, propertied women were also 64% more likely to be prosecuted, 76% more likely to be found guilty, and 89% more likely to be executed than non-propertied women (karlsen 102). For example, Sarah Osborne, one of the first three women accused, broke societal norms after she inherited her late husbands 150 acre farm and attempted to gain full legal control of the property. Furthermore, soon after, Sarah became married again, this time to her indentured servant (b and n 194). As this too was deemed improper in Puritan culture, the community began to view Sarah as even more a deviant to the norm, and thus as a threat to the natural order of society. Similarly, many other propertied women were accused of witchcraft, such as Martha Carrier, who had inherited her fathers large farm, Elizabeth Howe, in line to inherit a third of her fathers estate, and Ann Pudeator, who had inherited the wealth of her two deceased husbands (b and n 195). While women and outcasts were never actually responsible for the troubles that plagued Salem, some of the people scapegoated were more directly involved, or at least seen as having played a larger role in Salems tensions. For example, after Abigail Hobbs confessed that she had first met the Devil in Falmouths woods during a period of Indian attacks in that area, some of the newly accused witches began to have connections to the frontier wars (Games 61). After Hobbs confession, the number of accusations rose quickly, and the geographic location of the accused spread. While at first, the accused mostly came from Salem, now, many of the accused lived in Maine, Boston, and parts of the larger New England area, all areas where major French and Indian attacks had previously taken place. Furthermore, many of the newly accused were men, some even wealthy with respectable positions in society. However, what linked all of these accused were their involvement in the frontier wars. Some were men thought responsible for the loss of certain battles, while others had just been fortunate enough to escape even though the rest of their town was destroyed, inciting both suspicion and jealousy in those less fortunate (games 61, ibid). Meanwhile, many others were wealthy merchants who profited from trade with Indians. No matter the involvement of the accused, society needed someone who they could blame for the suffering that resulted from the wars, as many people lost homes, livelihoods, and even family members. Thus, these men became the scapegoats, held accountable for the damage, simply by living on the frontier or being associated with the Indians, even though many had played little or even no role in the actual war.

Self-Harm Research Paper - 1167 Words

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In the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders self-harm is a symptom of borderline personality disorder only and does not have a diagnostic criteria. Not ev eryone who self-harms suffers from a recognized form of mental disorder, but many people who have been diagnosed have a higher risk of self harming. Whether I chose to work in the field of social work or go on and work in a psychiatry field I will have clients who suffer from mental illnesses and the more I can know about their suffering and symptoms will help me to be better in my chosen field. I want to be able to do whatever I can to empathize and understand about the ways my clients are suffering. 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The Culture Of France A Strong Sense Of Country Pride

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U.S. Prison System and Its Populations Whites vs. Minorities

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While the average White student attends a school where poor students account for a quarter to a third of enrollment, the typical Black or Hispanic student attends a school where nearly two-thirds of their peers are low-income (Coley Baker, 2013) Race and the Law Maker Law Enforcement The incongruent treatment of minorities in the American criminal justice system begins at theRead MoreRacial Disparities in the American Criminal Justice System: Essay1858 Words   |  8 Pagesthe American Criminal Justice System: Rates of Incarceration of Blacks vs. Whites No Equal Justice in the American Criminal Justice System Shawn Y. Williams Troy University-Fort Benning CJ 5571 Probation, Pardon, Parole Instructor’s: Dr. Ronald Craig April 28, 2007 Abstract Racial inequality is growing. Our criminal laws, while facially neutral, are enforced in a manner that is massively and pervasively biased. 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Minority status is not just based on a numerical scale of how many people, whether it be whites, blacks, Latinos, Asians etc. are accounted for, but is classified more by the benefits and privileges offered to different groups. Historically, minority groups have been exploited by majority groups for economic gain. For example, the enslavement of African-Americans and the takingRead MoreRacial Discrimination Within The Criminal Justice System1271 Words   |  6 Pagesfederal law that prohibits racial discrimination of the U.S. Constitution and the Civil Rights Act of 1964 work in concert to ensure that each resident’s chances in the pursuit of happiness are not damaged by their race. Although it is prohibited I believe that it is still an issue especially within the criminal justice system. I will support my answer with an ample amount of facts regarding racial discrimination within the criminal justice system. In Los Angeles in 1991 Rodney King was driving underRead MoreHow Criminal Justice System Works And How It Has Problems Essay2095 Words   |  9 Pagesbook, I was not aware of how criminal justice system works or how does it has problems. This book presents the how criminal justice works and how it has problems, in any kind of criminal just system from law enforcement to jury system, Especially against minorities. The introduction of book starts with how she starts to write this book. When she started her job at ACLU, she realized that our criminal justice system has racial bias against minorities. Most importantly, she realized that incarcerationRead MoreThe Federal Government Must Decriminalize Marijuana Essay2419 Words   |  10 Pages19th amendment to the U.S. constitution, known as prohibition, that marijuana became a widely used substance in the U.S.. A large part of the original fear and misrepresentation of marijuana was due to ethnic and racial concerns, especially in the southeastern United States. Immigrant populations moving from Mexico into the U.S. and some other groups such as Jamaicans and other West Indian transplants from the slave trade were introducing the weed into the population of the U.S. as a recreationalRead More Racial Discrimination and Disparity in the United States Justice System2733 Words   |  11 Pagescriminal justice system has been a longstanding debate in this county. According to Tonry (as cited in Cole Gertz, 2013) African Americans make up to 50% of the prison population but are only 12 % of the total United States population. Bobo and Thompson (2006) stated that Hispanics make up to 18 % of the prison population but are only 14 % of the total United States Population, while Caucasians make up to 75 % of the total population and are only 35 % of the prison population in American. (CokerRead More Black, Stop And Frisk, Racially Motivated Shootings1918 Words   |  8 Pagesprofiling in the U.S. remains a harsh reality that has resulted in an excessive share of minorities being questioned by law enforcement, a disproportionate arrest rate, and unequal treatment of African Americans. Under the guise of managing the war on drugs, law enforcement officials regularly pull drivers over solely due to skin color, which has led to an excessive share of minorities being questioned by law enforcement. At its foundation, these excessive stops of minorities are based on theRead MoreJohn Steinbeck s Positional Investments Of Whiteness 2263 Words   |  10 Pagesmedian financial wealth of white, African American, and Latino households. The typical African American family has six cents in wealth, for every dollar in wealth that the typical white house hold has, overall the possessive investment as Liptiz describes as a measure to matian a possession of social power aka there invested interested in maintaining power over minorities and have taken action to protect that investment. Most of the time society thinks in terms of white vs black people, but in reality

Water Conservation Free Essays

Hovhannes Marukyan Extra Credit MGT 462/November 16, 2009 Water Conservation I have attended the presentation about water conservation techniques that each of us can use in our everyday life to ensure the sustainable development of resources and especially water. The presenter on the water conservation was a man who is in charge of the water preservation in Santa Monica. The presentation was very interesting and had great deal of information about proven water conservation tactics. We will write a custom essay sample on Water Conservation or any similar topic only for you Order Now The topics covered included everything pertaining to consumer water usage and misusage. The topics included varied from water content in the soil to less water consuming showerheads to newer ways of watering the lawn. In order to understand the in-home usage one must first understand the nature of water usage in the global scale. He pointed out that most of the time societies use more water than needed. Some examples of places where people overuse water are in resorts, hydraulic dams, outdoor pools, basking in the showers, overflowing tubs, and so on. What is interesting is that in order for water to get to us individually it needs to use energy to generate enough pressure, and if we use less water, hence we use less energy. Hydralic dams use the most amount of water, and if we consume less energy we will use less water. Drying and cooling take the most amount of energy. His next topic in the presentation was about understood the Hydrologic cycle. The hydrologic cycle is when water on earth becomes dry enough and goes into the air as steam, than under right conditions when it’s high enough in the atmosphere and it meets a with the cool air the steam becomes liquid and falls down as rain. We dry up the air, from freeways, residential surfaces, and commercial surfaces, and if the air is not cold enough than the water will rarely liquefy. Now in order to battle this situation he presented with three possible solutions. First by cutting down on driving, with correlation of roof gardening we will to keep the air cool. Secondly we will save water by changing habits and fixtures, conserving water and energy. Third way is by reusing the water instead of throwing it away, this could be done by installing grey water systems. It is when the dirty water is recycled instead of going to the ocean. Next step in the presentation was about how we as individuals can do to conserve water. He broke down water conservation into two parts, the indoor and the outdoor. What we can do indoors is to do the simple things, like not letting the water on when brushing our teeth, not taking extensive showers, not leaving the water on for hours and forgetting about it. Another easy way to use less water is putting a half full bottle of water in the back of the toilet to deter it from using a lot of water. This is especially a good idea for old toilets models which in general use more water than needed. The best amount of water per flush is 1. 5 GMP; the transition is slow, but persistent. He also mentioned other ways of water conserving that included buying a water conserving showerhead, using toilets with dual flush systems, for hard and soft waste. And in general looking at everything inside the house that uses water and trying to see if one can reduce its water consumption. An example would be to buy a more water efficient dish washer, and a washing machine. However he talked more extensively about the outdoor techniques of water conservation. He said that about half of the water used in homes is consumed outdoors. He also stated that about 20% of energy in California is spent of the transportation of water. Another very interesting aspect about water consumption that he spoke of was the usage of plants in the landscaping of houses can greatly reduce the amount of energy that is required to cool them. He also mentioned the fact that people sometimes make a mistake of watering their plants more when there is a problem. According to the speaker there could be many reasons that a plant is unhealthy such as bad soil, positioning, and bugs. Since watering plants and the lawn is such a huge consumer of water, he suggested inspecting plants regularly, finding out what kind of soil is required for a great plant, positioning the plants to face the sun, hence reduce the amount of sunshine on the house, and saving energy. Also watering the lawn differently could help reduce water consumption. He spoke about drip irrigation, which is a very smart way of irrigating. It does not irrigate the whole lawn but the important parts of it where the plants are located. This helps use less water, waters only the plants exclusively, and is a great way battles weeds which thrive on water and take a lot of money to kill. Other ways of making sure that we use less water is using spray heads that use less water. Because soil can only absorb so much water at a ime it is important to making sure that the sprinkles don’t disperse water faster than the soil can absorb it. Adjusting the sprinkle time to daylight saving can meet this issue. The last way to save water that the presenter mentioned was using what is called permeable pavement. This pavement type uses space in between pavement and fills it with another material such as sand to allow in instead of allowing it to run off. Having some water in the soil is be neficial. With all the manmade building the soil underneath does not get enough water to stay in the same shape. How to cite Water Conservation, Papers Water conservation Free Essays Water Supply Imagine when you wake up tomorrow and there Is no running water to take a shower, brush your teeth, or even have a cold drink. In today’s society, we have been experiencing an extreme drought and it is progressively getting worse and worse every day. We as Americans do not realize the harm and danger we are bringing to ourselves by wasting water without even realizing it. We will write a custom essay sample on Water conservation or any similar topic only for you Order Now Most people don’t know how much water they are using; on a daily schedule the average person uses 80-100 gallons per day (EPA. Gob). With usages like this in our everyday life, our society should mom together and start conserving what little water we do have left. Every drop counts at this point; It Is very critical that people learn to watch their water usage and not letting it go to waste. I believe the Wayne Foundation should aid me in a public service announcement to help protect our water supply while we still have it by cutting back on the water we use and conserving what we do have. I plan to show the importance through my studies that we are running out of water and that there is something YOU can do to help out. My mall purpose In this study Is to Inform young adults ages 15 through 35 on owe to conserve and protect our water supply, by doing simple task throughout their daily lives. I chose to pick this age group because they are young and can still make an impact in our society by spreading it to others in their surroundings. There are many different ways to conserve our Nations water supply, but we Just have to step back and realize what we are doing wrong and how to fix it. Many problems occur when there Is a lack of knowledge being brought to the community In your city. This Is why I am pleading to the Wayne foundation to lad not only me but our Nation as a hole. I believe the primary problem today Is not paying attention when using water in an incorrect manner. The united States population has doubled over the past 50 years, which left us tripling in need for water, and with 36 states facing water shortages and extreme droughts at the end of 2013 (â€Å"Greengage†). I want anyone that is interested to volunteer and help as a person to conserve the water he/she uses and Inform others that may be close to you. People today wait till the last minute to realize that we are In a drought Instead of preparing for It years ahead. For n example, Texas has been experiencing some very dry time periods in the past years, and the word drought, had brought out the word conservation. It is very important to remind yourself that water conservation isn’t Just for times of water droughts. Conserving water prevents huge infrastructure such as wasted water treatment plants and allocations systems that deliver the water to the consumers. This can eliminate the need to make big Investments In the new Infrastructure. By using less water will help during the tight times we will encounter during these water shortages. Water conservation is easy and inexpensive to each individual that wants to help our Nation. We live, drink and worship water on our planet. What is the solution when it is too late to conserve and all the water is gone? It is easy: less than 1 % of our water on earth can be consumed by humans not including animals. The rest is salt water us(â€Å"Greening EPA†). Communities around the world are experiencing challenges in keeping healthy and affordable water supplies; it is very important to use our water astutely and not Just throw it away. There are 5 easy ways to help remember to onshore water that actually spells out water. â€Å"Wash laundry and dishes with full loads. Always turn off running water. Take shorter showers. Eliminate all or any leaks. Reduce the flow of toilets and shower heads. † By following these 5 easy steps the average person can save up to 50 gallons daily( Obstacles)! An extreme difference can be made if you put forth the effort and do something about it; instead of Just waiting around and letting someone else do it for you. Everyone knows the simple task on just turning off the facet when brushing your teeth (saving 3000 gallons per year) but here is actually an alternative that doesn’t matter if you leave it on or off. Crazy! I know; this company is called Waterlines , which is sponsored by EPA. Using high performance water- efficient devices and water systems that condense water use in the home and helps preserve our nation’s water assets. As people throughout our nation begin to face obstacles regarding water supply and infrastructure, this company helps people identify their efficient products and programs. They help anyone and everyone that is willing to buy their product, which guarantees the paving of money, water and energy (â€Å"waterlines. EPA. Go). I will promote this website to help my AS travel even further to the communities around the nation. I will be putting a link on my billboard for more ways to calculate and find alternative ways to save water. My billboard will promote the 5 easy ways to conserve water that I mentioned earlier, with half the board showing an extreme drought and on the other side showing beautiful a water fall. By doing this, it will help people realize what is happening to our nations water supply as we speak. I plan to put up these billboards al across the nation on every big interstate to make an impact on what we are experiencing. There are many ways to make a difference but actually doing it is the huge problem today. Let’s start with something we use in our everyday lives. Toilets are the most commonly used appliances in every household, business, etc. They account for more than 30 percent of all indoor water consumption (â€Å"The department of the environment†). Also, toilets are the most wasteful, due to leaks and the 4 gallons of water that gets flushed each time. There are many high quality toilets, including the ewe dual flush technology made by â€Å"waterlines†. Dual flush toilets have two different flush volumes; one is for a full flush for solids and another for mainly liquids. Using â€Å"waterlines† technology will help in the long run by using high performing water efficient supplies. Let’s Just say that if everyone in the United States installed water- efficient supplies, the country would save up to 3 trillion gallons of water and 18 billion dollars per year in use. By doing that it would increase money supply and our nation’s water. For instance, the average washing machine uses up to 40 gallons per dad and if each person installed a high-efficient washing machine(â€Å"Greengage†). They would be using 40 to 50 percent less water and also contributes to energy saving. All of these new appliances could make an impact in today’s society. Research shows that 80% of the nation’s health maladies get traced back to unsanitary water that causes sickness and dehydration (â€Å"water science and Technology’). My thought source of water. We would then be able to provide the world with unlimited amounts of drinking water. The hardest part to this would be the process of affording the chicanery to clean out the salt, making it fresh and able to use. Due to the poor usages with water in today’s society made me to believe that there are people out there that are willing to help. I Just need you, the Wayne foundation to help me help the nation conserve our water supply before we run out. The billboards that I have designed should be appealing to all ages but directed towards the youth to make a difference in our need for conservation. Every drop counts at this point and it is up to us to make a difference in this lifetime. Citations Drains, R. , M. How to cite Water conservation, Papers

Single Sex Education Essay Example For Students

Single Sex Education? Essay soc Why would anyone want to go to an all girls school? This is a question I have often pondered. Can you imagine school without the obnoxious comments from boys, football games, and gossiping about boys? This doesnt sound like a lot of fun, does it? You girls may think about this and decide there are no advantages to an all girls school, but in reality, all girls schools have many. Believe it or not, having boys around is not the most important factor in our education. In fact, boys in the classroom are actually a setback. All girls schools are more advantageous than coeducational schools because there are fewer distractions, you will have a higher self esteem socially and academically, and you will be more successful academically. Lets face it, we are obsessed with boys. We act and dress with only a boys opinion in mind. Boys not only preoccupy our minds in a social setting, but in the classroom as well. We know that we know the answers to the questions in school, but we often avoid raising our hand in class. Why? We are afraid that the answer might be wrong, and the boys will laugh at us. Even worse, we might be right, and then they will think we are nerds! We also must confess that we tend to space out during lessons and daydream about the star quarterback two seats over. These distractions could be eliminated if boys are removed from the setting. Without them, we could focus on education rather than what they think of us. Self-esteem is another issue that will improve with the absence of the male species in the classroom. In high school, there is an extreme amount of pressure to fit in. Some may not fit in, and some prey on others in order to fit in and increase their own self esteem. Usually it is the boys who will tease us, whether its because they like us or they want to get a laugh out of their friends. This teasing can crush our confidence and cause us to become very self-conscious. Without boys, we can confidently walk down the hallway without dodging annoying boys who relentlessly torture us. Some may say, What about other girls? Girls can definitely be cruel and catty, but usually this bitterness towards another girl sprouts from a boy, whether she stole your boyfriend or he likes her better. How many times have you found yourself gossiping with your friends about how you are much prettier than the girl your crush likes? Girls would get along better if there were no boys around to fight about. Boys will not get in the way of friendships, which are far more important than relationships, making the high school experience much better for a girl. A single sex atmosphere will also increase our self-esteem academically. Studies prove that women do better in single sex schools and have higher self-esteems (Cooner, Knight, and Wiseman 90). In coed classrooms, boys receive more attention, whether it is criticism or praise, than we do (Cooner, Knight, and Wiseman 91). How often does a teacher stop a class to yell at a typically obnoxious boy? We therefore feel ignored by our teachers. This has a dramatic effect on our confidence in the classroom. In an all girls school we can receive our teachers attention more frequently and ask questions without feeling embarrassed. More attention means more praise, which we clearly deserve. The increase in attention from our teachers will help to increase our academic self-esteem. The most important advantage of an all girls school, however, is academic success. Did you know that coed schools are structured around the development of male students? Writing, reading, and math concepts, such as long division, are introduced to us when a boys mind is ready to process and understand the information (Cooner, Knight, and Wiseman, 90). The fact that we were developmentally ready to understand this information a few years ago is ignored. I find that completely unfair and Im sure that you can agree. Girls develop math and verbal skills faster than boys do, so we rarely experience any challenges in the .